Potensi Lignoselulosa sebagai Bahan Baku Biomassa dalam Produksi Energi Terbarukan dengan Mikroorganisme Rumen
Keywords:
Lignoselulosa, Mikroorganisme Rumen, Biomassa, Energi TerbarukanAbstract
Lignoselulosa merupakan suatu sumber daya terbarukan yang jumlahnya sangat melimpah dan transformasinya menjadi bioenergi berpotensi menjadi suatu sarana yang efektif untuk mengatasi kekurangan energi dan daur ulang limbah organik. Mikroorganisme rumen dapat mengalami reaksi hidrolisis, asidogenesis, dan metanogenesis terhadap biomassa lignoselulosa, terutama yang bergantung pada sinergi mikroorganisme dan enzim. Interaksi mikroorganisme yang berbeda mendorong efisiensi konversi lignoselulosa menjadi energi terbarukan dalam sistem pencernaan mikroorganisme rumen, terutama protozoa dan metanogen. Mikroorganisme rumen dapat mengeluarkan selulase, hemiselulase, dan ligninase, dengan reaksi tersendiri secara sinergis dapat mendorong degradasi lignoselulosa. Struktur substrat terhadap rumen dan sifat aditifnya dapat meningkatkan pencernaan rumen sebagai desain energi yang potensial terhadap biomassa lignoselulosa dalam produksi energi terbarukan. Berbagai produk bernilai tinggi seperti etanol, VFA, MCFA, biogas, dan pupuk organik dapat dihasilkan melalui mikroorganisme rumen terhadap biomassa lignoselulosa, tergantung pada substrat fermentasi bakteri rumen tersebut.
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